Muhammad Ali Mosque, Cairo 
The Muhammad Ali Mosque stands high atop the Citadel. Photo by Rom.
More, larger photos in our Muhammad Ali Mosque Photo Gallery.
The Citadel and Muhammad Ali Mosque in late afternoon. Photo by Rom.
Exterior of the "Alabaster Mosque." Photo by Daniel Villoldo.
Courtyard, with clock tower and ablutions fountain. Photo by dannebrog.
The spacious, Turkish style interior. Photo by dannebrog.
Chandelier and ornate domes of the interior. Photo by Seyerce.
Istanbul-style calligraphy. Photo by Aaron Wenner.
Completed in 1848, the Ottoman-style Muhammad 'Ali Mosque or Alabaster Mosque is the most noticeable in all of Cairo; for more than 150 years it has dominated the skyline.
History
When the Ottoman Muhammad 'Ali assumed power of Cairo in the 1800s he had all the Mamluk buildings of the Citadel razed and the complex entirely rebuilt.
The Citadel's appearance today is the vision of Muhammad 'Ali, particularly the mosque that bears his name. It was built between 1824 and 1848; the domes had to be rebuilt in the 1930s.
What to See
Ottoman law prohibited anyone but the sultan from building a mosque with more than one minaret, but this mosque has two minarets. This was one of Muhammad 'Ali's first indications that he did not intend to remain submissive to Istanbul.
The mosque is classically Turkish in style, reflecting its Ottoman origins. The cascading domes, slender minarets, constellation of hanging globe lamps, richly decorated ceiling and spacious interior all recall the great mosques of Istanbul.
The interior also reflects some French rococo influences, and is finished with ornate lines of red, green, and gold. There is a gold-scalloped mihrab and two minbars (pulpits): one faced in alabaster and the other, unusually, in the Art Nouveau style.
Muhammad Ali is buried beneath a white marble monument on the right of the entrance behind a bronze grill.
In the courtyard is an ornate clock given by Louis Philippe in exchange for the obelisk that stands in the Place de la Concorde in Paris. It has never worked.
Also in the courtyard is a Turkish Baroque ablutions fountain, which The Rough Guide to Egypt describes as "resembling a giant Easter egg."
| Names: | Muhammad Ali Mosque; Alabaster Mosque |
| Type of site: | Mosque |
| Faith: | Islam |
| Status: | Active |
| Dates: | Built 1824-48; domes 1930s |
| Architecture: | Ottoman |
| Location: | The Citadel, Cairo, Egypt |
| Hours: | Citadel: daily 8-5; mosque closed to visitors on Fridays |
| Cost: | Citadel admission: £e35; students £e20 |
Map
Location map and satellite view of the Muhammad Ali Mosque. Using the buttons on the left, zoom in for a closer look or zoom out to get your bearings. Click and drag the map to move around. For a larger view, see our Map or get our free Google Earth download.
Sources
- The Rough Guide to Egypt 6 (November 2005), 144.
- Muhammad 'Ali Mosque at the Citadel – ArchNet Digital Library
