Milan Cathedral

An exceptionally large and elaborate Gothic cathedral on the main square of Milan, the Duomo di Milano is one of the most famous buildings in Europe. It is the largest Gothic cathedral and the second largest Catholic cathedral in the world.

advertisement

History of Milan Cathedral

The street plan of Milan, with streets either radiating from the Duomo or circling it, indicates that the Duomo occupied the most important site in the ancient Roman city of Mediolanum.

Saint Ambrose built a new basilica on this site at the beginning of the 5th century, with an adjoining basilica added in 836. When fire damaged both buildings in 1075, they were rebuilt as the Duomo.

In 1386 the archbishop, Antonio da Saluzzo, began the new project in a rayonnant Late Gothic style that is more characteristic of France than Italy. Work proceeded for generations.

The main spire was topped in 1762 with a polychrome statue of the Madonna, to whom the Duomo and its predecessor have always been dedicated.

Even now, some uncarved blocks remain to be turned into sculpture. Gothic construction on the rest of the Duomo was largely complete in the 1880s.

The Duomo was recently under major renovations and cleaning for several years, obscuring the west front with scaffolding. Works were finally completed in 2009, revealing the newly-cleaned facade in all its glory.

What to See at Milan Cathedral

Milan's Duomo is the second largest Catholic cathedral in the world: only Seville Cathedral is larger (and St. Peter's Basilica doesn't count because it's not a cathedral). Milan Cathedral is 157 meters long and 40,000 people can fit comfortably within.

The Duomo of Milan blurs the distinction between Gothic and neo-Gothic, for the Gothic west front was begun in 1616 and completed 200 years later. Only in its details does it reveal its Baroque and Neo-Classical date. From 1900 some of the less Gothic details of the facade were replaced in a true Gothic style, to designs of Giuseppe Brentano.

The roofline dissolves into openwork pinnacles that are punctuated by a grove of spires, topped with statues that overlook the city. The main spire is 109 meters high. These can all be investigated up close on a breathtaking walk on the roof.

The huge building is made of brick faced with marble from the quarries that Gian Galeazzo Visconti donated in perpetuity to the cathedral chapter.

The cathedral's five wide naves are reflected in the hierarchic openings of the facade. Even the transepts have aisles. The great windows of the choir are reputed to be the largest in the world.

Mark Twain, a great fan of the Duomo, can take over the description from here (from Innocents Abroad):

We don't think the Duomo di Milano is quite as exciting as Mark Twain did. Although the facade is lovely and the cathedral is impressively large, it is quite dark and not terribly interesting inside.

However, all the extras of the Duomo are very interesting: the roof climb; the treasury; and the excavations of the Early Christian baptistery.

The roof climb provides a unique and memorable opportunity to walk high on the roofs of the huge Gothic cathedral. The views are magnificent and the opportunity to see the pinnacles and sculptures close up along the way is worth the climb alone.

Entrance is from the north side of the cathedral (walk around left from the front). You can choose to walk up the stairs - which are solid, square, and more roomy than many cathedral stairways - or take an elevator for a higher price.

The crypt is entered from inside the cathedral near the choir. Entrance to the crypt is free and many visitors descend the short stairway to visit the tomb of Cardinal Borromeo.

Also in the crypt is the Tesoro del Duomo, or Cathedral Treasury. If you have any interest in medieval art, religious art, or "old stuff" in general, this is a must-see. And admission is only €1. Please see our separate article and photo gallery of the Cathedral Treasury for more details.

Archaeological excavations beneath the cathedral have revealed the foundations of a Paleochristian Baptistery dating from the 4th century. It is said to be the baptistery in which St. Ambrose, Bishop of Milan, baptized his student Augustine. Please see our separate article on the Paleochristian Baptistery for more details.

Festivals and Events

On the Saturday closest to September 14, the nail from Christ’s cross is brought out of its home in the crucifix on a ceiling vault behind the altar.

Quick Facts on Milan Cathedral

Site Information
Names:Duomo di Milan · Milan Cathedral
Country:Italy
Categories:cathedrals
Styles:Gothic Revival style; Gothic
Dedication: Virgin Mary
Dates:1616-c.1880
Status: active
Visitor and Contact Information
Coordinates:45.464172° N, 9.191608° E
Address:Piazza del Duomo
Milan, Italy
20123
Phone:02-860-358 or 02-8646-3456
Hours:Cathedral: daily 6:50am-7pm
Roof: daily 7am-7pm
Crypt: daily 9am-noon and 2:30-6pm
Baptistery: Tue-Sun 10am-12 and 3-5pm
Museo del Duomo: Tue-Sun 9:30am-12:30pm and 3-6pm
Lodging:View hotels near Milan Cathedral
Note: This information was accurate when first published and we do our best to keep it updated, but details such as opening hours and prices can change without notice. To avoid disappointment, please check with the site directly before making a special trip.

References

  1. Personal visits (September 2004 and May 2008).
  2. Il Duomo di Milano e la Madonnina - Milano Metropoli (Italian only)
  3. Cathedral (Duomo) - TripAdvisor (reviews by travelers)
  4. Duomo - Frommer's Attraction Review
  5. Duomo - Fodor's Online Travel Guide
  6. The Duomo - The Economist Cities Guide: Milan
  7. Duomo - WGuides.com

More Information

The Gothic west facade of Milan Cathedral, begun in 1386. © Holly Hayes
Gothic west facade of Milan Cathedral, begun in 1386. © Holly Hayes
© Gianni D
View from the roof of Milan Cathedral, which was begun in 1386. © Holly Hayes
© Ben Zibble
View from the roof of Milan Cathedral, which was begun in 1386. © Holly Hayes
© Ben Zibble
© Ben Zibble
16th-century statue of St. Bartholomew with his skin thrown over his shoulder like a cloak. (According to... © David Joyal
© Dave Chiu
Modern stained glass in the east window of Milan Cathedral. © Holly Hayes

Map of Milan Cathedral

Below is a location map and aerial view of Milan Cathedral. Using the buttons on the left (or the wheel on your mouse), you can zoom in for a closer look, or zoom out to get your bearings. To move around, click and drag the map with your mouse.