Zeus Altar, Pergamum
Foundations of the Zeus Altar in Pergamum. Photo
Yulia. 
The Altar of Zeus had a commanding view of the city, and still does.
Photo © www.HolyLandPhotos.org.
The original Zeus Altar is now displayed in the Pergamon Museum in Berlin, Germany. Photo © Sacred Destinations.
Detail of the frieze of the Altar of Zeus. Photo © Sacred Destinations.
Model of ancient Pergamum, with the Zeus Altar in the foreground. Photo © Sacred Destinations.
The Altar of Zeus was located beyond this ancient theater in Pergamum.
Photo © Dick Osseman.
Location map and aerial view of Zeus Altar. For a larger interactive view, see our Pergamum Map.
The site of the famous Zeus Altar of ancient Pergamum is located on the Acropolis overlooking modern Bergama, Turkey.
History
The Zeus Altar was constructed by Eumenes II (197-159 BC) as a memorial of Pergamum's victory over the Galatians under Attalus I.
In Byzantine times, the temple was neglected and eventually dismantled. Fragments of marble from the altar were built into the Byzantine defensive walls.
In 1871, the Zeus Altar was rediscovered by the German engineer Carl Humann, who took it back to his home country. It is now exhibited at the Pergamon Museum in Berlin. The Turkish government is in the process of trying to get the artifact back from Germany.
What to See
There is little to see at the original site today, but it is enough to provide a sense of the magnitude of the great shrine. And for those who have seen the altar in Berlin, it allows one to imagine what it would have looked like in its original position, standing proudly on the acropolis. The Altar of Zeus was carefully aligned with an existing temple to Athena (about 25m higher up the acropolis), so that the two temples had a harmonious appearance when viewed from afar.
The monumental altar stood on a six-meter-high podium, which is the only part that survives in situ. Entered from the east side, it was enclosed within three high walls decorated with a magnificent frieze over 100 feet long on each side. The frieze depicts the mythological battle between the giants and the gods, symbolizing the triumph of order over chaos. Access to the sacrificial altar was via a huge stairway on the west side.
Quick Facts
| Site Information | |
| Names: | Zeus Altar |
| Location: | Pergamum, Turkey |
| Faith: | Ancient Greek |
| Dedication: | Zeus |
| Category: | Greek Temples |
| Architecture: | Greek |
| Date: | c.165 BC |
| Patron(s): | Eumenes II |
| Status: | ruins |
| Visitor Information | |
| Coordinates: | 39.130634° N, 27.183094° E (view on Google Maps) |
| Lodging: | View hotels near this location |
| Phone: | 0232/631-2886 |
| Opening hours: | Winter daily 8:30am-5:30pm; summer daily 8:30am-7:30pm |
| Cost: | 10YTL |
| Parking: | Parking available at the Acropolis (3YTL) |
Travel Resources
- Pergamum Map - our detailed interactive map of Pergamum, plus hand-picked links to more
- Pergamum Hotels - check availability, maps, photos and reviews, and book at the guaranteed lowest price
Article Sources
- The Acropolis in Bergama - Frommer's Turkey
- Bernard McDonagh, Blue Guide Turkey, 3rd ed. (London: A&C Black, 2001), 151-52.
Last updated on October 18, 2009.
